The basal metabolic rate is the amount of energy. which one needs in complete rest (for example when sleeping). to maintain all body functions for 24 hours. The body activity level is 0.95 PAL (Physical Activity Level). The Harris-Benedict formula is used to calculate the basal metabolic rate (basal metabolic rate ). The calculation includes weight, age, gender and height. Two examples of this would be:
basal metabolic rate man (Kilocalories a day)
66.47 + (13.7 * Body weight in kg) + (5 * Height in cm) – (6.8 * Age in years) = basal metabolism
e.g. 66.4 + (13.7 * 90 kg) + (5* 190 cm) - (6.8 * 50 Jahre) = 1876.4 kcal
basal metabolic rate women (Kilocalories a day)
655.1 + (9.6 * Body weight in kg) + (1.8 * Height in cm) – (4.7 * Age in years) = basal metabolism
e.g. 655.1 + (9.6 * 70 kg) + (1.8 * 172 cm) - (4.7 * 35 Jahre) = 1472.7 kcal
Because the amount of daily muscle work is very different. Depending on their physical activity, people are divided into five groups according to their physical activity.
basal metabolism * PAL-Faktor = power turnover
PAL factors at different activities:
PAL | activity | samples |
0.95 | sleep | |
1.2 | only sitting or lying | old, frail people |
1.4–1.5 | almost exclusively sitting. little leisure activities | desk work |
1.6–1.7 | mostly sitting, with additional standing / walking activities | Motorists, students, laboratory workers |
1.8–1.9 | mostly standing / walking activities | Salesmen, waiters, craftsmen, housewife |
2.0–2.4 | physically demanding job | Miners, forest workers, high performance athletes |
The Physical Activity Level; PAL as a multiplication factor for basal metabolism. ultimately defines the average daily power turnover.
basal metabolism kcal * PAL factor = power turnover kcal
e.g. businessman: 1876.4 kcal * 1.5 = 2814.16 kcal / 11782 kJ
e.g. clerk: 1472.7 kcal * 1.5 = 2209.05 kcal / 9249 kJ
The metabolic equivalent - comparability of the energy consumption of different activities
The metabolic equivalent of task (MET) is used to compare the energy consumption of various activities. It is the description of the metabolic rate of a human relative to the resting metabolism in relation to his body weight.
1 MET equals a calorie consumption of 4.2 kJ (1 kcal) per kilogram of body weight per hour. This corresponds approximately to the resting metabolism of the body. Moderate physical activity has about a power consumption of 3-6 METs. intensive efforts usually over 6 METs.
METs | activity |
3 | Playing golf |
4 | To go for a walk |
5 | Skate |
6 | Swim |
7 | Dance |
8 | To go biking |
10 | To jog |
12 | Playing squash |
14 | To run |
For example. a person weighing 90kg would walk at 1 hour (which is equivalent to about 4 times resting. that is 4 MET) 4 (kcal) x 90 (kg) = 360 kcal.
These calories are then added to the already existing power turnover.
e.g. businessman: 2814.16 kcal + 360 kcal = 3174.16 kcal
e.g. clerk : 2209.05 kcal + 280 kcal = 2489.05 kcal
The unit "calorie" is a since January 1. 1978 no longer permissible unit of energy. especially the heat energy. It was replaced by the unit "Joule". A joule is physically defined as the amount of heat that heats up about 0.239 Kelvin at normal atmospheric pressure (1013 hPa). 1 gram of water. A calorie was physically defined as the amount of heat needed at normal atmospheric pressure (1013 hPa) to heat 1 gram of water from 14.5 ° C to 15.5 ° C. Colloquially is almost always spoken of "calories". even if actually "kilocalories" (kcal) are meant. The conversion formula: 1 kcal = 4.187 kJ.
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